TEDS Data Dictionary

In Home Measures

Contents of this page:

Introduction

The tables below summarise the measures used in the In Home study. Each measure is identified by the section heading in the relevant score sheets (note that the pages are not numbered), and by informal or formal names and descriptions. The number of items in each measure is shown, but note that some of these items have two or more parts, giving two or more item variables.

The final column of each table shows dataset scales that are related to each measure; each variable name here is a link that will take you to the relevant item in the In Home derived variables page.

Measures in the Child Tests

Refer to the child test score sheet (pdf) for the sections/headings referred to in this table.

Section/heading in the score sheets No. of items Description of measure References Related scales
Front page 7 (1) Tester's name.
(2) Twin's name, ID and birth date.
(3) Test date.
(4) General comments.
(5) Hearing test result.
Items required for administrative purposes. Twin age at visit: etestage
McCarthy Scales 18 tests Taken directly from the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. McCarthy, D. (1972): McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities; New York: The Psychological Corporation. Test scores standardised to the control distribution:
ezmcblo1/2, ezmccgr1/2, ezmcchi1/2, ezmccso1/2, ezmcdes1/2, ezmcimi1/2, ezmcnum1/2, ezmcopp1/2, ezmcpic1/2, ezmcpuz1/2, ezmctap1/2, ezmcvfl1/2, ezmcvst1/2, ezmcvws1/2, ezmcwov1/2, ezmcwpv1/2

Total scores, combining McCarthy tests:
ecmcnmt1/2, ecmcvmt1/2, ecmcwkt1/2
(standardised versions: ezmcnmt1/2, ezmcvmt1/2, ezmcwkt1/2)

McCarthy index scores:
ecmcgci1/2, ecmcmmi1/2, ecmcmti1/2, ecmcppi1/2, ecmcqni1/2, ecmcvbi1/2
(standardised versions: ezmcgci1/2, ezmcmmi1/2, ezmcmti1/2, ezmcppi1/2, ezmcqni1/2, ezmcvbi1/2

Counts of non-missing scores present: ecmcgnn1/2, ecmcxgnn1/2

Non-verbal composite scores:
ezlnv1/2, ezsnv1/2
Language composite scores (derived from tests below as well as McCarthy):
ezllan1/2, ezslan1/2
Phonological Awareness 12 items Phonological Awareness test.
(Includes handedness measurements.)
Bird, J., Bishop, D.V.M., Freeman, N.H. (1995): Phonological Awareness and Literacy Development in Children with Expressive Phonological Impairments; Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 446-462 Total score: ecpht1/2
(standardised version ezpht1/2)

Data flag: ecphondata1/2
British Ability Scales 27 BAS (British Ability Scales). Elliot, C.D., Smith, P., McCulloch, K. (1996): Verbal Comprehension Scale from British Ability Scales (2nd ed); Windsor: NFER-Nelson Total scores: ecbasgt1/2, ecbaslt1/2, ecbast1/2
(standardised versions ezbasgt1/2, ezbaslt1/2, ezbast1/2)

Data flag: ecbasdata1/2
Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation 35 Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation. Goldman, R., Fristoe, M. (1986): Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation; Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service Inc. Total score: ecgft1/2
Transformed total score: ectgft1/2
(standardised version eztgft1/2)

Data flag: ecgfdata1/2
Nonword Repetition 20 Children's test of nonword repetition. Gathercole, S.E., Willis, C.S., Baddeley, A.D., Emslie, H. (1994): The children’s test of nonword repetition: A test of phonological working memory; Memory, 2, 103-127. Total score: ecnont1/2
(standardised version eznont1/2)

Data flag: ecnondata1/2

Articulation composite (also uses Goldman Fristoe above):
ezartic1/2
Bus Story 4 Bus Story Test Renfrew, C. E. (1997): Bus Story Test – a test of narrative speech. (4th ed.); Bicester: Winslow Press Ltd. Standardised scores: ezbusa51/2, ezbusin1/2, ezbussc1/2, ezbussl1/2

Data flag: ecbussdata1/2
Action Pictures 2 Action Picture Test Renfrew, C. E. (1988): Action Picture Test. (4th ed.); Bicester: Winslow Press Ltd. Standardised scores: ezactgr1/2, ezactin1/2

Data flag: ecactpdata1/2
Bayley Behaviour Ratings 33 (1) BSID-II (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 2nd ed.)
behaviour ratings: 26 items (labelled A-Z)
(2) Separation Anxiety: 7 items

Refer to the Bayley guidance (pdf) for a description of the content of this test.

Bayley, N. (1993): Behaviour Rating Scale from Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd ed.); San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Data flag: ecbaydata1/2

Measures in the Parent Questionnaire

Refer to the parent questionnaire (pdf) for the sections/headings referred to in this table.

Questionnaire section / heading No. of items Description of measure References Related scales
Consent form 14 (1) Confirmation of parent's name, relationship to twins, address and phone number
(2) Confirmation of twin names and birth dates.
(3) Signature and date for consent.
Included for admin reasons, to confirm contact details and as proof of consent. -
Play and Toys: Places to Play (Indoors and Outdoors) 11 - - -
Play and Toys: Toys and Games 17 - - -
The Home Environment 50 Parent vocabulary test, adapted from the PMA (Primary Mental Abilities) battery, as used in the Colorado Adoption Project. - Total score: eprvoct

The Expressed Emotion Measure

The speech recording made by the parent of each twin pair is referred to as the Expressed Emotion measure. At the time of writing, the recordings have not yet been transcribed or coded. The raw data were collected as recordings made on audio cassette tapes. In 2016, the recordings were copied electronically from the surviving cassette tapes into mp3 audio files. These audio files have been retained but the cassette tapes have now been destroyed. 604 recordings have survived.

For practical reasons, parents were not closely monitored while making these recordings. Verbal and written instructions (pdf) were provided, asking parents to talk about each twin separately for five minutes. Parents were then left unsupervised, with the written instructions and the tape machine, to complete their recordings.

The references for this measure are:
(1) Magaña, A.B., Goldstein, M.J., Karno, M., Miklowitz, D.J., Jenkins, J., Falloon, I.R.H. (1986): A Brief method for assessing expressed emotion in relative of psychiatric patients; Psychiatry Research, 17, 203-212.
(2) Malla, A.K., Kazarian, S.S., Barnes, S., Cole, J.D. (1991): Validation of the Five-Minute Speech Sample in measuring expressed emotion; Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 36, 297-299.

The Post-Visit Ratings Measure

Refer to the post visit ratings sheet (pdf) for the content of these measures.

This was adapted from the following references:
(1) Deater-Deckard, Kirby (2000): Parenting and child behavioral adjustment in early childhood: A quantitative genetic approach to studying family processes. [Journal Article] Child Development. Vol 71(2) Mar-Apr 2000, 468-484.
(2) Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (1986): Development of aggressive behavior. Research grant proposal submitted to National Institutes of Mental Health.